2011年英语语法名师精挑细讲：非谓语动词
1.定义：动词除在句子电工培训学校,作谓语以外，还具有名吹绻づ嘌笛�,⑿稳荽始案贝实闹剩诰涞绻づ嘌笛�,可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动吹绻づ嘌笛�,？傻绻づ嘌笛�,为种：动词不定式、电工培训学校,词和动名吹绻づ嘌笛�,�
2.动词不定式：to + 动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to ）。（没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化）
○1 般式：主动语态：to do , 被动语态：to be + 动词过去电工培训学校,词 （表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生）
○2 进行式：主动语态：to be doing , 被动语态：无 （表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生）
○3 完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去电工培训学校,词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去电工培训学校,词 （表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生）
○4 用法：
A. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It's not easy to learn a foreign language .
B. 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the work on time .
C. 作宾语：
a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch . （agree, choose, want, hope, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start, afford …）
b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don't know where to put the bike .
c. 动词+形式宾语（it）+宾补+to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language .
D. 作补语：
a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . （tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow, encourage…）
b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词 He often saw Tom play football .（see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let…）
E. 作状语：
a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .
b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren't old enough to go to school .
c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .
F.作定语： I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .
○5 动词不定式to 的电工培训学校,略：
A. 在感动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役动词have, let, make等后面要电工培训学校,to,但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to.
I often saw him go out of the room .-------- He was often seen to go out of the room by me .
B.在had better, would rather, do nothing but等后面常电工培训学校,to.
○6 动词不定式的否定形式：not + to do ,有时也可以用-never + to do 结构。
3.动名词：动词原形+ing .具有名吹绻づ嘌笛�,⒍市┨卣鳌�
○1 般式：主动语态：doing ,被动语态：being + 动词过去电工培训学校,词（表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生）
○2 完成式：主动语态：having +动词过去电工培训学校,词，被动语态：having been +动词过去电工培训学校,词 （表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状态之前就发生）Children enjoy watching animated cartoon . I don't remember having ever seen the film .
○3 动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词（v-ing） I regret not being able to help you .
○4 用法：
A. 作主语：
a. 动名词作主语如果太长，可以用形式主语it代替。Learning English is very important .--- It's very important to learn English .
b. No + 动名词表示"禁止".No smoking, No parking .
B. 作宾语：He finished doing his homework .
C. 作表语：His favourite sport is playing basketball .
D. 作定语：shopping basket, finishing line . （表明名词的用途、功能等）
E. 动名词的复合结构：名词所有格、形容词物主代词+动名吹绻づ嘌笛�,o you mind my / Wei Fang's opening the window ?
4.电工培训学校,词：动词原形+ing .具有形容吹绻づ嘌笛�,⒏贝屎投市┨卣鳌＃ǹ傻绻づ嘌笛�,为现在电工培训学校,吹绻づ嘌笛�,⒐サ绻づ嘌笛�,词）
现在电工培训学校,词
○1 般式：主动语态：doing ,被动语态：being + 动词过去电工培训学校,词（表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生）
○2 完成式：主动语态：having +动词过去电工培训学校,词，被动语态：having been +动词过去电工培训学校,词 （表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状
态之前就发生）
○3 动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词（v-ing） No understanding the meaning of the words, he couldn't explain the sentence .
○4 用法：
A. 作表语。The result is surprising .
B. 作定语。Developing country （主谓关系） sleeping boy （boy 所做的动作）
C. 作状语。Passing by the house, he saw a girl playing the piano . = when he was passing by the house , he saw a girl playing the piano .
D. 作宾补。I found him lying on the grass.
过去电工培训学校,词
○1 形式：地址动词+ed,和不地址动词的过去电工培训学校,吹绻づ嘌笛�,�
○2 过去电工培训学校,词的否定形式：not + 动词过去电工培训学校,吹绻づ嘌笛�,�
○3 用法：
A. 作表语：My bike is broken . He is very worried .
B. 作定语：developed country, fallen leaves, spoken English .
C. 作状语：Asked why he was absent, he said he was ill . = When he was asked why he was absent, he said he was ill .
D. 作宾补：You had better have your shoes mended . I had my hair cut yesterday .
2012英语非谓语动词语法名师精挑细讲
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